Photosynthesis and Respiration

• Photosynthesis: – process by which plants use light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into sugar.
• Respiration: occur when glucose (Sugar produced during photosynthesis) combines with oxygen to
• produce cellular energy – this energy is used to fuel growth and all of the normal cellular function.

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• Example- 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy→ C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂
• C₆H₁₂O_{6 +} 6O₂6CO₂ + 6H₂O + Energy
• Light energy captured by photosynthesis is used in a plant for the synthesis of -Carbohydrates, fatty acids, &protein.
• The gas evolved in bubbling pondweed in the light is (air enriched with O₂ + CO₂ and N₂
• ATP- full from- Adenosine triphosphate chlorophyll is soluble in – organic solvent.
• ATP formation in photosynthesis is known as – phosphorylation.
• Photosynthesis light energy is utilized in converting ADP into ATP.
• Photochemical reactions in the chloroplast are directly involved in (Photolysis of water + Phosphorylation of ADP to ATP.
• Ca, Mn, Cl- element are essential for the photolysis of water Respiratory Quotient (R.Q)
• Q = volume of CO₂ released /volume of O₂ released.
• RQ=1- Carbohydrate, RQ- Protein- 0.8, Fat- 0.7
• Cytochrome – Involved in the transfer of electrons in Photosynthesis.
• Peroxisomes are associated with- photorespiration kranz anatomy is found in leaves of C₄ Plants
• The end product of Fermentation is C₂H₅OH
• Fermentation – is an extracellular process.
• Anaerobic Respiration – Intercellular.
• Ribozymes are RNA acting as Enzymes.
• The major difference Between C₃& C₄ Plant is photorespiration.
• Yeast is used in the formation of Alcohol.
• Agrawal Chloroplast occurs in C₄ plants
• In Bacterial Photosynthesis Comes from H₂
• Blue and red Light- Photosynthesis is maximum.
• The total amount of water absorbed by the plant if actual Percentage used during Photosynthesis is 1%.
• Protein Content in Yeast cells- 40-50%
• Yeast- Microorganism has high vitamin content.
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• • Asepsis means- Absence of Microorganism
  • Gas Produced by TA (Thermophilic Anaerobic Spoilage (H₂ and CO₂)
  • Cellular respiration is the process by which microorganisms obtain the energy available in carbohydrates. They take the carbohydrates into their cytoplasm, and through a complex series of metabolic processes, they break down the carbohydrate and release the energy.
    Note-1.During the process of cellular respiration, carbon dioxide is given off as a waste product.
  2. In the process of cellular respiration, oxygen gas is required to serve as an acceptor of electrons. This oxygen gas is identical to the oxygen gas given off in photosynthesis.

   

  

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